Tax

HRA (House Rent Allowance)

Last updated: July 2026 Reviewed & verified by Galvin Mendonca

Definition

A salary component providing tax exemptions for rent paid, available only under the Old Regime.

Key Takeaways

  • HRA is a salary component providing tax exemptions for rent paid under Old Regime only.
  • Exemption calculated as lowest of: actual HRA, rent minus 10% salary, or 50%/40% of salary.
  • Metro cities (50% limit) now include Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Pune, and Ahmedabad from 2026.
  • Not available under New Tax Regime; entire HRA is taxable if you opt for New Regime.

Detailed Explanation

House Rent Allowance (HRA) is a salary component provided by employers to salaried employees to cover their rental housing expenses. Under Section 10(13A) of the Income Tax Act, a portion of HRA is exempt from tax, but this exemption is available only under the Old Tax Regime. The New Tax Regime does not allow HRA exemption at all.

The HRA exemption is calculated as the lowest of three amounts: (1) Actual HRA received, (2) Rent paid minus 10% of basic salary, or (3) 50% of basic salary for metro cities (Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Pune, Ahmedabad) or 40% for non-metro cities. The remaining HRA amount is added back to taxable income. Budget 2026 expanded the metro city list by adding Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Pune, and Ahmedabad.

Real-World Example If Priya lives in Bengaluru (metro), earns a basic salary of ₹60,000/month (₹7,20,000/year) with HRA of ₹30,000/month, and pays rent of ₹25,000/month (₹3,00,000/year), her exemption is the lowest of: (1) ₹3,60,000 actual HRA, (2) ₹3,00,000 - ₹72,000 (10% of basic) = ₹2,28,000, or (3) 50% of ₹7,20,000 = ₹3,60,000. The exempt amount is ₹2,28,000.

Disclaimer: Definitions and explanations on this glossary page are provided strictly for general educational and informational purposes. They do not constitute formal financial, investment, legal, or tax advice. Financial regulations, caps, and limits change frequently. Always consult a qualified professional before making any financial decisions.
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